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2018-08-02
Russia’s New Multirole Fighter
The MiG-35 is a Russian multirole fighter designed by the Mikoyan division of the United Aircraft Corporation (UAC). Using the NATO reporting name Fulcrum-F, the "MiG" comes from the Joint-Stock Company Russian Aircraft Corporation (RAC) which made its first international presentation during Aero India 2007 as an export version of the MiG-29M OVT.
The RAC "MiG" line consists of up-to-date fighters, interceptors and multi-role combat aircraft, including newly developed fighters of the unified family of MiG-29K/KUB, MiG- 29М/М2 and advanced MiG-35. The MiG-35 (single seat) and MiG-35D (double seat) are "4++" generation multi-role fighters, developed from the serial-produced MiG-29K/KUB and MiG-29M/M2 aircraft.
The fighter plane has the thrust vectoring of the MiG-29OVT as an additional option. This feature alongside improved avionics and weapon systems and the optical locator system (OLS) makes the aircraft less dependent on ground-controlled interception (GCI) systems, enabling the MiG-35 to conduct independent multirole missions. Moreover, as the new export variant, it combines the modern systems of the MiG-29M2 with an AESA radar and with its integrated defensive systems increasing combat survivability.
Zhuk-MA’ AESA Radar
The MiG-35 is compatible with Russian and weapons applications of a foreign origin with a full training set using an interactive computer-based training system and full-mission simulator with motion system. Most of all, the MiG-35/MiG-35D is notable for its next-gen defence system:
– Radio electronic reconnaissance and electronic counter measures;
– Optronic systems for attack missile and laser emission detection;
– Decoy dispensers to counteract the enemy in radar and infrared ranges.
Moreover, the MiG-35 will be the first Russian aircraft to be fitted with a multi-role active electronically scanned array. AESA radar provides a clear advantage over competitors due to the factors:
– extended operating frequency range;
– increased quantity of detected, tracked and attacked targets;
– possibility of simultaneous air and ground-target attack;
– extended detection range;
– enhanced surface mapping resolution;
– high jamming protection and
survivability.
Innovative OLS Imaging
The Phazotron Zhuk-MA antenna consists of 160 modules, each with four receive-and-transmit modules offering a 160km (85nm) air target detection radius with 300km for surface ships. The OLS allows the MiG-35 to detect targets and aim weapon systems because, unlike a conventional radar, it has no emissions and cannot be detected. Trials taking place demonstrated the MiG-35’s ability to detect, track and shoot at aerial targets, where a development prototype destroyed an aerial drone with an air-to-air missile launched by an Indian pilot.
Thanks to engineers of the Russian federal space agency choosing short-wave bands to increase sensitivity and detection range, the OLS has powerful optics with IR vision which has increased sensitivity of the complex several times and has increased detection range. The OLS of MiG-35 makes it impossible for planes to hide, helping MiG-35 pilots to spot the USAF’s stealth planes. As the slightest speck of dust can cause blurred vision, the OLS glass uses leuco-sapphire to extend its lifetime while not corrupting the signal.
Dual-thrust Engine Power
The MiG-35 has two thrust-vectored engines whose power plant includes a two-engine RD-33MK with 7 per cent higher thrust power, equipped with smokeless combustion chamber and a new FADEC-type electronic control system. The RD-33MK has increased afterburner thrust to 9,000 kilograms-force (88,000 N; 20,000 lbf) and a 1,145 kilograms (2,524 lb) dry weight thanks to modern materials used on the cooled blades.
Although it retains the same length and maximum diameter, the RD-33MK has incorporated infrared and optical signature visibility-reduction systems, increasing service life to 4,000 hours. The RD-33MK thus ensures shipborne fighters enjoy unassisted take-off capability, retain performance in hot climates and profit from a significant combat efficiency boost.
The MiG-35’s combination of thrust vectoring control (TVC) and advanced missile-warning sensors ensures combat superiority as the RD-33’s gas flow stability is exemplary against ambient disturbances, greatly improving aircraft control and onboard weapon firing. Optional "all aspect" thrust-vectored RD-33MK engines guarantees aircraft superiority in the manoeuvring dogfight.
Applied Space Avionics
The MiG-35/MiG-35D’s airborne avionics are centred upon an IRST system whose infra-red, TV and laser-sighting equipment uses space technologies not previously applied in aviation. New features include increased range, detection, tracking, identification and air lock-on; laser range-finder for ground/surface targets in day-and-night forward and rear hemispheres; and formation of target designation and laser illumination of ground targets.
The armament control system integrates a new helmet-mounted target designation system. Equipped with a podded IRST system, these features enable the MiG-35/MiG-35D fighters to fulfil a wide range of missions:
– Air superiority gains against 4th/5th-generation fighters;
– Interception of existing and developed air attack means;
– Ground/surface target destruction with all-weather high-precision weapon use outside air defence zones;
– Air reconnaissance using optical-electronic and radio-technical equipment;
– Group actions including air control over groups of fighters.
Next-Gen Refuelling Technology
A strap-on tank behind the cockpit permits the MiG-35 a higher 950 l internal fuel capacity, while external fuel tank capacity has increased to 2,000 l suspended under the fuselage.
With three external fuel tanks, the ferry range has also risen to 3,100 km, with a range of 5,400 km after single in-flight refuelling.
The newly digitised fuel management system also includes a new digital fuel metering system.
MiG-35 Weaponry
The MiG-35/35D offers high combat effectiveness thanks to equipment with short- and medium-range air-to-air missiles, air-to-surface missiles, guided aerial bombs, unguided rockets and bombs, and an internal gun.
In addition to the "A-A" and "A-S" class weapons applied to the MiG-29K/KUB and MiG-29M/M2, an open avionics architecture allows the MiG-35/MiG-35D aircraft to integrate long-range weapons capable of attack targets without approaching the air defence zone, including weapons of Russian and foreign origin.
Both single and double seat versions of the MiG-35/35D have the same airborne equipment and weapons thanks to a high unification level of structure. Air-to-surface armament systems are driven by new generation optronic systems and can now be used against targets illuminated by its own laser or against targets illuminated by external ground and air sources.
The MiG-35/MiG-35D fighter structure is based upon the following innovative features of the MiG-29K/KUB, MiG-29M/M2 aircraft:
– Increased weapons load stored at nine external stations;
– Increased fuel capacity, in-flight refuelling and possibility of using as a tanker;
– Airframe and main systems anti-corrosion technology developed to simplify operation in tropical weather conditions;
– Significantly reduced radar signature;
– Three-channel fly-by-wire control system with quadruple redundancy.
Operational improvement has been key to the MiG-35’s development with greater reliability of aircraft, engines and avionics in addition to a lengthened lifetime, service life and mean time between engine overhauls (MTBO). The MiG-35 aircraft flight hour cost is almost 2.5 times lower than those of the MiG-29 fighter, while both MiG-35/MiG-35D aircraft now provide for independent operation.
Optimal Performance Aircraft
The MiG-35 can climb at the rate of 330m/s with normal and ferry range of the aircraft at 2,000 km and 3,100 km respectively.
The aircraft weighs around 11,000 kg at a service ceiling of 17,500 m and a maximum take-off weight of 29,700 kg.
Trials and Development
According Russian News Agency (TASS) reports, the Mikoyan corporation has now completed MiG-35 factory trials, paving the way for serial production to begin: “The factory trials of the MiG-35 multirole fighter jet produced in the interests of the Defense Ministry of the Russian Federation have been completed. The certificate of the trials completion was signed in December 2017.”
The trials began on 26th January 2017, when the specialists checked the fighter’s onboard radio-electronic equipment, the sight and navigation complex, radar, engines and other aircraft systems. On 28th January 2017, MiG officially demonstrated the new MiG-35 to the Russian government, followed by demonstrations to export customers. This MiG-35 differed from the one first unveiled in 2007 in lacking the AESA radar, as well as thrust-vectoring control, to keep procurement costs low for foreign customers.
Both the single-seat MiG-35 "961" and the two-seat MiG-35D "967" have a very high commonality with the MiG-29K/KUB airframes, excepting the braking parachute installed in place of the hook, present on the naval aircraft. The MiG-35D "967" was equipped with a similar AESA radar as fitted to the older MiG-35 demonstrator "154", identifiable by the dark-grey short-nose radome.
Russia’s current state armament programme aims at 2020, stipulating the deliveries of MiG-35 fighter jets to Russia’s Aerospace Force. Hence, in 2017, MiG’s Director General Ilya Tarasenko claimed the corporation is working on MiG-35 delivery contracts with 29 countries currently operating MiG-29 aircraft, including Kazakhstan, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Peru and some other Latin American countries: “By its combat potential, the scope and the efficiency of its missions and the price/quality ratio, the MiG-35 is today a perfect combat vehicle for operation in high intensity armed conflicts. The aircraft makes it possible to use the entire range of existing and up-and-coming Russian and foreign armament, including weapons designed for heavy fighter jets.”
Reference Text/Photo: www.migavia.ru
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