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2016-07-10
Seizing the opportunities of the military radar market
In a two-part article, Nation Shield discusses the latest advancement in the military radar market
The recent developments around the world have led to dramatic changes in the landscape of worldwide radar capabilities with direct impacts on the security of the nations.
As nations move forward with developments in range, electronic warfare and detection, there has been significant growth in radar systems, which are being widely used across different sections of the military forces such as army, navy and air force. Different categories of radar systems used by them are ground-based, naval, airborne, and space-based.
The global military radar market is estimated to be worth $9.7 billion in 2016 and is expected to increase to $15.7 billion by 2025.
The market is expected to be dominated by North America, occupying 38.5 percent of the market share, followed by Asia-Pacific and Europe. The Middle East, Latin America, and Africa are expected to account for the remaining 13.4 percent of the overall market.
The airborne radar market is estimated to account for 35.6 percent of the global military radar market. Ground-based and naval radars are also expected to account for a significant portion of the total military radar market during the forecast period, with shares of 27.3 percent and 17.2 percent respectively. Sonar and Space-based radars combine will account for the remaining 19.8 percent of global military radar expenditure.
Military radar systems assume a central position in the assets employed by military organisations. As such, stable growth can be expected for this market.
In turn, specific emerging economies undergoing military modernisation will also increase spending. With technical developments in the market also driving spending, the outlook for this market is highly positive.
Territorial disputes, technological advancements, threats from neighbouring nations, increasing demand for hi-tech weapons, increasing investment by government into defense and increasing security concerns are the major drivers of global military radar market.
In this article, Nation Shields will analyse the latest innovations of the giants of the industry:
- Airbus Defence and Space
- BAE Systems
- Northrop Grumman
- Leonardo-Finmeccanica
- General Dynamics
New technologies by Airbus Defence and Space (ASR-NG)
Airbus Defence and Space, a division of Airbus Group responsible for defence and aerospace products and services, has introduced new technologies in its latest air surveillance radar which give the ASR-NG (Airport Surveillance Radar Next Generation) advantageous air traffic control capabilities.
The company has completed a demonstration in real scenarios in front of international customers which was testament to enhanced detection capabilities with a significant increase of detection range coverage to 120 NM (220 km). Other key features of ASR-NG are the complete mitigation of wind farm effects, a new Primary Surveillance Radar 3D height measurement and resistance against interference by 4G/LTE mobile phone signals.
“ASR-NG offers an extraordinary performance proven in an extensive test phase,” said Thomas Müller, head of Airbus Defence and Space’s Electronics business line. “With its new capabilities it addresses the most urgent and recent concerns of air surveillance and air traffic control customers.”
ASR-NG consists of a primary radar on the basis of a solid state transmitter and advanced signal processing technology for long-range surveillance. Its extreme sensitivity means that even very small objects such as mini drones, slow flying objects such as helicopters or even flocks of birds can be reliably detected and classified. Specifically developed algorithms allow for safe guidance of aircraft even in the vicinity of wind turbines, which is hardly possible with conventional air traffic control radar systems.
This extraordinary primary surveillance radar capability is combined with the MSSR 2000I (Monopulse Secondary Surveillance Radar) secondary radar for automatic identification of individual aircraft. It meets the new air traffic control standards “Mode S” and “ADS-B”, which greatly improve aircraft identification queries and are currently being introduced in European airspace.
Airbus Defence and Space supplies air traffic control and identification systems in the military and civilian sector, including the German Armed Forces’ airports with the ASR-S (Airport Surveillance Radar, S-Band) airport surveillance radar, and the military airfields in Switzerland with a complete approach control system.
In addition, the MSSR 2000I secondary radar is deployed by the naval forces of Germany, France, Norway and Finland for military friend-or-foe identification. For civil and military air traffic control, those identification systems are used in countries such as Germany, France, USA, UK, Canada, Austria, Portugal, Bulgaria and the Philippines.
The latest innovations of BAE Systems
ARTISAN 3D
The Artisan (Advanced Radar Target Indication Situational Awareness and Navigation) 3D radar, a medium range air and surface surveillance 3D radar developed and built by BAE Systems for the United Kingdom’s Royal Navy, offers unrivalled detection performance and world beating electronic protection measures against even the most complex jammers.
Artisan 3D is the next generation medium range 3D surveillance radar for the Royal Navy and replaces the Type 996 surveillance and target indication radar. Designed to be extremely modular and highly configurable, it provides a cost-effective high-performance radar, capable of operating effectively in littoral zones and improving air-defence, anti-surface (anti-ship) and air traffic management capabilities.
Artisan 3D is already deployed with the Royal Navy on Type T23 HMS Iron Duke and equipped on HMS Ocean Assault Ship. It will also be fitted from build to the Queen Elizabeth Class Aircraft Carriers and retrofitted to all Type 23 Frigates, amphibious assault ships and helicopter carrier.
The new radar, in tandem with the Seawolf Mid-Life Update programme, will help deliver better ship survivability rates.
Commander SL Long Range Tactical Air Defence Radar
Commander SL Long Range Tactical Air Defence Radar
The state-of-the-art Commander radar from BAE Systems is a mobile and flexible radar in-service with the United Kingdom’s Royal Air Force (UK RAF) to enhance UK airspace surveillance and policing.
Proven in real operational conditions and extreme environments, the robust, and agile Commander radar family has been deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan and gives radar coverage for the UK RAF’s quick response air defence fighters.
With high availability and superior, consistent and reliable performance, it supports local and integrated command and control of air defence forces while operating from prepared or unprepared locations, in static or mobile configurations.
Commander is compatible with Mission Systems’ TeleVIEW which allows radars to be controlled, monitored and diagnosed remotely enabling preventative maintenance and reduced through-life costs.
TeleVIEW uses high-bandwidth connections to distribute diagnostic data, which is presented via a standard web browser.
Sampson Multi-function Radar
In operation on the UK Royal Navy’s Type 45 Destroyer, the Sampson multi-function radar is at the core of the Sea Viper naval air defence system. It provides surveillance and dedicated tracking in a single system, enabling the Type 45 to defend itself and other ships in its company from attack.
Able to simultaneously detect and track hundreds of targets, Sampson is compatible with both active and semi-active homing missile systems, providing mid-course guidance. It supports fully automatic operation where rapid reaction is required.
Sampson also represents good value for money. Its initial purchase price and through-life costs are significantly lower than systems employing separate surveillance and tracking radars. Operating costs are also minimised by the use of high reliability solid-state transmitters.
Sampson supports point and area defence against current and future air threats in heavy jamming land and sea clutter. Software controlled coverage and radar operation, automatically adapts to the operating environment. The system is compatible with both active and semi-active homing missile systems, and provides mid-course guidance. Sampson supports fully automatic operation where rapid reaction is required.
Operational availability is high. The design uses multiple parallel paths and operation is maintained even if several sub-systems fail. Repair is simple: faults are diagnosed using built-in test facilities.
There are no high voltage, high power microwave parts, or associated water cooling systems -enhancing maintainability of the equipment. Operating costs are minimised by using high reliability solid-state transmitters.
Initial purchase price and through-life costs are significantly lower than systems employing separate surveillance and tracking radars.
Northrop Grumman’s enhanced offering
AN/TPS-80 G/ATOR system
AN/TPS-80 G/ATOR system, developed by US-based Northrop Grumman, is a highly mobile multi-mission radar system designed to fully support worldwide expeditionary requirements. It provides multi-faceted detection and tracking capabilities to enable engagement of a wide range of hostile threats, and offers robust air traffic control capabilities to ensure the safety of Marines worldwide.
G/ATOR capitalizes on proven technology, mission capability, and billions of investment dollars.
Operational capabilities enhanced by Northrop Grumman’s proven Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) radar technology give the AN/TPS-80 G/ATOR system the ability to perform multi-mission tasks at significantly lower operation and maintenance costs compared to existing radar systems.
Northrop Grumman has been awarded a $58 million contract in 2015 from the Marine Corps to develop and test the Ground Weapon Locating Radar (GWLR) mode for the AN/TPS-80 G/ATOR.
The GWLR mode is a software update that brings additional mission capability to the ground-based multi-mission Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) radar. G/ATOR will perform four principal missions using the same hardware.
Software loads optimise the operation of the radar to perform each mission. When all modes are fully implemented, Marine Corps operators will have a common hardware solution with the ability to switch between air surveillance, air defense, ground weapon locating, and air traffic control through software.
The GWLR mode enables G/ATOR to detect and track time-critical incoming threats, such as rockets, mortars and artillery rounds. Once the radar has detected incoming threats, the system rapidly analyses their ballistic trajectories and computes their impact points which enables rapid and accurate threat engagement by counterfire forces.
AN/APG-77 AESA Radar
Northrop Grumman is responsible for the overall design of the AN/APG-77 radar system, including the control and signal processing software. The company also has responsibility for radar systems integration and test activities.
The main component of the radar sensor is a highly reliable Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA), which provides the rapid beam agility, low radar cross section and target detection capability that enables the air dominance fighter to achieve “first look, first kill” capability. The system exhibits a very low radar cross section, supporting the F-22’s stealthy design.
News from Italian Finmeccanica
Leonardo-Finmeccanica, an Italian multinational aerospace, defence and security company headquartered in Rome, Italy, has embraced a high-level strategy for ensuring continued advancement in its core technology areas.
The company’s in-house laboratories devoted to specific areas of applied research promote the effective integration of new, innovative components within their existing radar portfolio and the new developments.
A key element of this strategy is the design of the most advanced fully AESA Kronos family radar, fixed faces, staring and rotating – X, C and L band, based on the totally-owned GaAs and GaN technologies.
The radar portfolio includes the RAT 31 family long-range radar, fixed and deployable, for Early Warning Surveillance as well as Fire Control Radar (NA30S family and Falco Plus) for gunnery control and missile battery guidance.
Passive surveillance (AULOS), Precison Approch Radar (PAR) and IFF for Naval and Land application together with 2D surveillance radar for Coastal and Navigation applications complete the Land & Naval Defence Electronics Division’s wide range of radar sensors.
KRONOS GRAND NAVAL is a multifunctional radar based on advanced Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) technology, used as a main radar for the Principal Anti-Air Missile System (PAAMS).
The KRONOS GRAND is a highly compact and mobile multifunctional system, designed for land based tactical operations requiring outstanding air and coastal surveillance and defense against new generation of conventional and asymmetric threats.
The SIR-M is a state-of-the-art IFF (Identification Friend or Foe) and MSSR (Monopulse Secondary Surveillance Radar) interrogator family for naval and air defence applications.
PAR 2090C is a coherent X-band, ground controlled Precision Approach Radar (PAR), designed to provide the detection of targets in clutter conditions, automatic tracking of at least 32 targets, control of up to 8 landing directions with automatic antennas relocation.
PAR 2080 C is an X-band, modular, fixed ground controlled Precision Approach Radar designed for installation sites where existing fixed infrastructures can be exploited and transportability and installation times are not an issue.
AULOS®Passive Covert Radar is the passive radar system designed by Finmeccanica to provide detection and tracking capability for defence and homeland security applications. The system works by processing reflections from illumination sources such as commercial broadcast and communications signals. AULOS® in an eco-friendly system since it doesn’t produce electromagnetic pollution.
LYRA® 10 is a short-range ground surveillance radar providing advanced situational awareness for both security and defence applications. Thanks to its compact dimensions and low weight, the radar is suitable for integration on a wide range of military and civilian land platforms, including light multirole tactical vehicles (LMTVs) and commercial cross-country trucks.
The RAN-30X surveillance radar represents the state-of-the-art of 2D X-Band surveillance radars. It can operate as a primary sensor for combined surface and air surveillance on board patrol vessels or as a specialized anti-sea skimmer sensor on board major Surface Combatant Vessels.
The RAT 31 DL is an advanced L-band solid state phased array, 3D surveillance radar, effective to a range of over 500 Km. The RAT 31 DL is a new state-of-the-art radar system designed to operate within modern military Air Defence systems. It is a direct derivative of the successful RAT 31 SL.
The SPN-730 is a Low Probability of Intercept (LPI) navigation radar, designed to provide excellent detection features combined with silent mission capability. Easy to install on any type of combat vessel, it uses solid state technology and offers effective integration with on-board Electronic Support Measures (ESM).
General Dynamics’ new radar
General Dynamics Corporation, an American aerospace and defense multinational corporation, demonstrated an X-band Space Time Adaptive Radar (XSTAR) system’s ability to track the launch and flight of a multi-stage test missile.
The tracking information captured and recorded by the XSTAR system is useful to engineers and scientists for developing and testing airborne products and weapons systems traveling at very high speeds, including munitions, rockets, missiles, bombs and aircraft.
General Dynamics and STAR Dynamics are working together to modernise instrumentation radar systems on military and government test ranges. Combining radar systems from STAR Dynamics with General Dynamics’ manufacturing and logistics and maintenance support, XSTAR instrumentation radar systems deliver test-data accurately and in detail.
For the demonstration, the XSTAR radar tracked a test missile traveling over than 5,000 mph through all three stages of deployment. The XSTAR radar tracked and recorded the various stages of the missile’s launch, separation of the first and second stage boosters and payload deployment, as well as debris that separated from the missile.
The XSTAR radar system can track and collect detailed test data on one or more flying objects that require time, space and position measurements used for system test and evaluation. XSTAR radar systems’ design and software-based architecture incorporates commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) equipment, which enables individual radar systems to be customized based on a user’s needs
More about radars in the next issue….
Reference Photo/text:
www.airbusdefenceandspace.com
www.baesystems.com
www.northropgrumman.com
www.generaldynamics.com
wwww.leonardocompany.com
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